diff --git a/include/Game.h b/include/Game.h
index 601e983..019819a 100644
--- a/include/Game.h
+++ b/include/Game.h
@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@ struct Ball
 	sf::Vector2f pos;
 	sf::Vector2f velocity;
 	sf::Vector2f previousPos{};
-	bool alive{true};
-	bool collided{false};
+	bool alive{};
+	bool collided{};
 };
 
 struct Brick
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ struct Brick
 	Brick(sf::Vector2f position_in);
 
 	sf::Vector2f pos;
-	bool alive{true};
+	bool alive{};
 };
 
 struct Player 
@@ -37,10 +37,10 @@ struct Player
 	sf::Vector2f pos{};
 	sf::Vector2f previousPos{};
 	int score{};
-	int lives{3};
-	int mult{1};
-	bool left{false};
-	bool right{false};
+	int lives{};
+	int mult{};
+	bool left{};
+	bool right{};
 };
 
 class Game 
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ private:
 	int totalSpecialBricks{};
 	int totalBricks{};
 	int framerate{};
-	float volume{10};
+	float volume{};
 	float playerSpeed{};
 	float ballRadius{};
 	float ballMaxSpeed{};
diff --git a/src/Game.cpp b/src/Game.cpp
index b7c6b1a..9db64b0 100644
--- a/src/Game.cpp
+++ b/src/Game.cpp
@@ -14,14 +14,21 @@
 Ball::Ball(sf::Vector2f position_in, sf::Vector2f vel_in)
 	: pos(position_in)
 	, velocity(vel_in)
+	, alive(true)
+	, collided(false)
 { }
 
 Brick::Brick(sf::Vector2f position_in)
 	: pos(position_in)
+	, alive(true)
 { }
 
 Player::Player(sf::Vector2f position_in)
 	: pos(position_in)
+	, lives(3)
+	, mult(1)
+	, left(false)
+	, right{false}
 { }
 
 
@@ -37,6 +44,7 @@ Game::Game()
 	, collideSound(collideSoundBuffer)
 	, brickBreakSound(brickBreakSoundBuffer)
 	, failSound(failSoundBuffer)
+	, volume(10)
 { 
 	
 	if (!ImGui::SFML::Init(window)) return;
diff --git a/src/Physics.cpp b/src/Physics.cpp
index 7992b2c..3936652 100644
--- a/src/Physics.cpp
+++ b/src/Physics.cpp
@@ -4,31 +4,45 @@
 
 #include <Random.h>
 
-sf::Vector2f getOverlap(sf::FloatRect first, sf::FloatRect second)
+sf::Vector2f getOverlap(const sf::FloatRect first, const sf::FloatRect second)
 {
-	sf::Vector2f result;
-	sf::Vector2f delta;
-	delta.x = std::abs(second.position.x - first.position.x);
-	delta.y = std::abs(second.position.y - first.position.y);
+	const float deltaX = std::abs(second.position.x - first.position.x);
+	const float deltaY = std::abs(second.position.y - first.position.y);
 	
-	result.x = (first.size.x + second.size.x) - delta.x; 
-	result.y = (first.size.y + second.size.y) - delta.y; 
-	return result;
+	const float resultX = (first.size.x + second.size.x) - deltaX; 
+	const float resultY = (first.size.y + second.size.y) - deltaY; 
+	return {resultX, resultY};
 }
 
 sf::Vector2f velocityInRandomDir(const float speed_in)
 {
 	const bool upOrDown{(bool)Random::get(0,1)};
+	const bool leftOrRight{(bool)Random::get(0,1)};
 
 	// get angle within certain ranges so that the ball does not 
 	// start moving straight side to side or up and down
-	sf::Angle angle = sf::degrees(upOrDown ? (float)Random::get(225, 315) : (float)Random::get(45, 135));
-	if (angle.asDegrees() == 90.f || angle.asDegrees() == 270)
-	{
-		angle += sf::degrees(1);
+	if (upOrDown && leftOrRight)
+	{// up left
+		const sf::Angle angle = sf::degrees((float)Random::get(195, 255));
+		return sf::Vector2f{speed_in * std::cos(angle.asRadians()), speed_in * std::sin(angle.asRadians())};
+	} 
+	else if (upOrDown && !leftOrRight) 
+	{// up right
+		const sf::Angle angle = sf::degrees((float)Random::get(285, 355));
+		return sf::Vector2f{speed_in * std::cos(angle.asRadians()), speed_in * std::sin(angle.asRadians())};
+	}
+	else if (!upOrDown && leftOrRight) 
+	{// down left
+		const sf::Angle angle = sf::degrees((float)Random::get(105, 165));
+		return sf::Vector2f{speed_in * std::cos(angle.asRadians()), speed_in * std::sin(angle.asRadians())};
+	}
+	else if (!upOrDown && !leftOrRight) 
+	{// down right
+		const sf::Angle angle = sf::degrees((float)Random::get(15, 75));
+		return sf::Vector2f{speed_in * std::cos(angle.asRadians()), speed_in * std::sin(angle.asRadians())};
 	}
 
-	return sf::Vector2f{speed_in * std::cos(angle.asRadians()), speed_in * std::sin(angle.asRadians())};
+	return {0,0};// means something went wrong
 }
 
 // used for debugging
diff --git a/src/main.cpp b/src/main.cpp
index f5b54e5..e8b7ca7 100644
--- a/src/main.cpp
+++ b/src/main.cpp
@@ -2,9 +2,10 @@
 
 int main(int argc, char* argv[])
 {
-	bool useImgui{true};
 	Game game;
-
+	
+	// parse command-line arguments 
+	bool useImgui{true};
 	for (int i = 0; i < argc; i++)
 	{
 		if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--noImgui"))